The global AIDS epidemic has challenged states and societies in profound ways. The era of treatment now represents the hopes of millions of people living with HIV/AIDS. But it also poses significant challenges. How treatment programs interact with the underlying context of the epidemic and human rights approaches that define global responses is a critical area for enquiry. In this important book, Jones looks at the difficulties in delivering treatment in a political, cultural and socio-economic context. Why, for example, might people not necessarily want to take antiretroviral treatment? AIDS Treatment and Human Rights in Context explores some of these paradoxes in a case study from a local community setting in South Africa.