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一個國家、大使館或享有外交豁免權的機構為避免某人遭到逮捕或引渡，所提供的保護，特別是針對政治難民所提供的保護。世界人權宣言第14條第1項保障「尋求和享有庇護以避免遭迫害的權利」。這項權利在因非政治性的罪行或違背聯合國的宗旨和原則而被起訴的情況下，不得加以援用。雖然世界人權宣言不具法律效力，但難民地位公約卻明確規定簽約國不得將逃亡難民遣送回國。
Literally means “shelter; refuge,” and according to Blacks Law Dictionary: “protection from the hand of justice.” More commonly, however, the term now means protection from the hand of injustice. In the context of human rights, this refers to protection from Refoulment or Extradition (qq.v.) given especially to political refugees. Asylum can be offered by the nation to which the refugee has fled, or by an embassy or other agency that has diplomatic immunity.
Article 14(1) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rrights cites “the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from prosecution.” (This right may “not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.”) Although the Universal Declaration of Human Rights itself does not have the force of law, parties to the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees are legally bound not to repatriate people who have fled. Reso urces: Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, 189 U.N.T.S. 150, http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/v1crs.htm; James D. Seymour,“The Exodus: North Korea's Out-migration,” in John Feffer, ed., The Future of US-Korean Relations: The Imbalance of Power , London, Routledge, 2006, esp. pp. 130-59.
資料來源：東吳大學張佛泉人權研究中心編纂：《人權字典》（臺北市：教育部，2007年6月，第一版一刷），頁44。
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