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最低工資指法律許可之下最少工資。聯合國世界人權宣言第23條第3項與第25條第1項及其他國際文件，如經濟、社會與文化國際公約、兒童權利公約等對勞工生活條件都有明文保障。如世界人權宣言第23條第3項，保障「每一個工作的人，有權享受公正和合適的報酬，保證使他本人和家屬有一個符合人的尊嚴的生活條件」。各國最低工資法律與規定有所不同。許多國家仍然沒有最低工資保障。
The minimum wage is a jurisdiction's lowest legal wage. Article 23(3) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights calls for“just and favourable remuneration” ensuring everyone “an existence worthy of human dignity.” Article 25(1) adds,“Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services.” Other international instruments, such as the ICESCR, Convention on the Rights of the Child, and International Labour Organization conventions, create legal commitment to these rights that is partially realized through the minimum wage. Each country is allowed to set its own minimum wage laws and regulations, but many countries have no minimum wage guarantee.
資料來源：東吳大學張佛泉人權研究中心編纂：《人權字典》（臺北市：教育部，2007年6月，第一版一刷），頁146。
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